287 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
287 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
[[!toc levels=2]]
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Mediawiki is a dynamically-generated wiki which stores it's data in a
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relational database. Pages are marked up using a proprietary markup. It is
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possible to import the contents of a Mediawiki site into an ikiwiki,
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converting some of the Mediawiki conventions into Ikiwiki ones.
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The following instructions describe ways of obtaining the current version of
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the wiki. We do not yet cover importing the history of edits.
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Another set of instructions and conversion tools (which imports the full history)
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can be found at <http://github.com/mithro/media2iki>
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## Step 1: Getting a list of pages
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The first bit of information you require is a list of pages in the Mediawiki.
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There are several different ways of obtaining these.
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### Parsing the output of `Special:Allpages`
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Mediawikis have a special page called `Special:Allpages` which list all the
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pages for a given namespace on the wiki.
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If you fetch the output of this page to a local file with something like
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wget -q -O tmpfile 'http://your-mediawiki/wiki/Special:Allpages'
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You can extract the list of page names using the following python script. Note
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that this script is sensitive to the specific markup used on the page, so if
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you have tweaked your mediawiki theme a lot from the original, you will need
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to adjust this script too:
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import sys
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from xml.dom.minidom import parse, parseString
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dom = parse(sys.argv[1])
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tables = dom.getElementsByTagName("table")
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pagetable = tables[-1]
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anchors = pagetable.getElementsByTagName("a")
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for a in anchors:
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print a.firstChild.toxml().\
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replace('&','&').\
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replace('<','<').\
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replace('>','>')
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Also, if you have pages with titles that need to be encoded to be represented
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in HTML, you may need to add further processing to the last line.
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Note that by default, `Special:Allpages` will only list pages in the main
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namespace. You need to add a `&namespace=XX` argument to get pages in a
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different namespace. (See below for the default list of namespaces)
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Note that the page names obtained this way will not include any namespace
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specific prefix: e.g. `Category:` will be stripped off.
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### Querying the database
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If you have access to the relational database in which your mediawiki data is
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stored, it is possible to derive a list of page names from this. With mediawiki's
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MySQL backend, the page table is, appropriately enough, called `table`:
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SELECT page_namespace, page_title FROM page;
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As with the previous method, you will need to do some filtering based on the
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namespace.
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### namespaces
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The list of default namespaces in mediawiki is available from <http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Namespace#Built-in_namespaces>. Here are reproduced the ones you are most likely to encounter if you are running a small mediawiki install for your own purposes:
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[[!table data="""
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Index | Name | Example
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0 | Main | Foo
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1 | Talk | Talk:Foo
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2 | User | User:Jon
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3 | User talk | User_talk:Jon
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6 | File | File:Barack_Obama_signature.svg
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10 | Template | Template:Prettytable
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14 | Category | Category:Pages_needing_review
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"""]]
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## Step 2: fetching the page data
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Once you have a list of page names, you can fetch the data for each page.
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### Method 1: via HTTP and `action=raw`
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You need to create two derived strings from the page titles: the
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destination path for the page and the source URL. Assuming `$pagename`
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contains a pagename obtained above, and `$wiki` contains the URL to your
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mediawiki's `index.php` file:
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src=`echo "$pagename" | tr ' ' _ | sed 's,&,&,g'`
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dest=`"$pagename" | tr ' ' _ | sed 's,&,__38__,g'`
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mkdir -p `dirname "$dest"`
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wget -q "$wiki?title=$src&action=raw" -O "$dest"
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You may need to add more conversions here depending on the precise page titles
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used in your wiki.
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If you are trying to fetch pages from a different namespace to the default,
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you will need to prefix the page title with the relevant prefix, e.g.
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`Category:` for category pages. You probably don't want to prefix it to the
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output page, but you may want to vary the destination path (i.e. insert an
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extra directory component corresponding to your ikiwiki's `tagbase`).
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### Method 2: via HTTP and `Special:Export`
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Mediawiki also has a special page `Special:Export` which can be used to obtain
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the source of the page and other metadata such as the last contributor, or the
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full history, etc.
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You need to send a `POST` request to the `Special:Export` page. See the source
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of the page fetched via `GET` to determine the correct arguments.
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You will then need to write an XML parser to extract the data you need from
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the result.
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### Method 3: via the database
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It is possible to extract the page data from the database with some
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well-crafted queries.
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## Step 3: format conversion
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The next step is to convert Mediawiki conventions into Ikiwiki ones.
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### categories
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Mediawiki uses a special page name prefix to define "Categories", which
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otherwise behave like ikiwiki tags. You can convert every Mediawiki category
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into an ikiwiki tag name using a script such as
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import sys, re
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pattern = r'\[\[Category:([^\]]+)\]\]'
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def manglecat(mo):
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return '\[[!tag %s]]' % mo.group(1).strip().replace(' ','_')
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for line in sys.stdin.readlines():
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res = re.match(pattern, line)
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if res:
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sys.stdout.write(re.sub(pattern, manglecat, line))
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else: sys.stdout.write(line)
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## Step 4: Mediawiki plugin or Converting to Markdown
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You can use a plugin to make ikiwiki support Mediawiki syntax, or you can
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convert pages to a format ikiwiki understands.
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### Step 4a: Mediawiki plugin
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The [[plugins/contrib/mediawiki]] plugin can be used by ikiwiki to interpret
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most of the Mediawiki syntax.
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The following things are not working:
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* templates
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* tables
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* spaces and other funky characters ("?") in page names
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### Step 4b: Converting pages
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#### Converting to Markdown
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There is a Python script for converting from the Mediawiki format to Markdown in [[mithro]]'s conversion repository at <http://github.com/mithro/media2iki>. *WARNING:* While the script tries to preserve everything is can, Markdown syntax is not as flexible as Mediawiki so the conversion is lossy!
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# The script needs the mwlib library to work
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# If you don't have easy_install installed, apt-get install python-setuptools
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sudo easy_install mwlib
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# Get the repository
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git clone git://github.com/mithro/media2iki.git
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cd media2iki
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# Do a conversion
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python mediawiki2markdown.py --no-strict --no-debugger <my mediawiki file> > output.md
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[[mithro]] doesn't frequent this page, so please report issues on the [github issue tracker](https://github.com/mithro/media2iki/issues).
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## Scripts
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There is a repository of tools for converting MediaWiki to Git based Markdown wiki formats (such as ikiwiki and github wikis) at <http://github.com/mithro/media2iki>. It also includes a standalone tool for converting from the Mediawiki format to Markdown. [[mithro]] doesn't frequent this page, so please report issues on the [github issue tracker](https://github.com/mithro/media2iki/issues).
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[[Albert]] wrote a ruby script to convert from mediawiki's database to ikiwiki at <https://github.com/docunext/mediawiki2gitikiwiki>
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[[scy]] wrote a python script to convert from mediawiki XML dumps to git repositories at <https://github.com/scy/levitation>.
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[[Anarcat]] wrote a python script to convert from a mediawiki website to ikiwiki at <http://anarcat.ath.cx/software/mediawikigitdump.git/>. The script doesn't need any special access or privileges and communicates with the documented API (so it's a bit slower, but allows you to mirror sites you are not managing, like parts of Wikipedia). The script can also incrementally import new changes from a running site, through RecentChanges inspection. It also supports mithro's new Mediawiki2markdown converter.
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> Some assembly is required to get Mediawiki2markdown and its mwlib
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> gitmodule available in the right place for it to use.. perhaps you could
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> automate that? --[[Joey]]
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> > You mean a debian package? :) media2iki is actually a submodule, so you need to go through extra steps to install it. mwlib being the most annoying part... I have fixed my script so it looks for media2iki directly in the submodule and improved the install instructions in the README file, but I'm not sure I can do much more short of starting to package the whole thing... --[[anarcat]]
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>>> You may have forgotten to push that, I don't see those changes.
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>>> Packaging the python library might be a good 1st step.
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>>> --[[Joey]]
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> Also, when I try to run it with -t on www.amateur-radio-wiki.net, it
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> fails on some html in the page named "4_metres". On archiveteam.org,
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> it fails trying to write to a page filename starting with "/", --[[Joey]]
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> > can you show me exactly which commandline arguments you're using? also, I have made improvements over the converter too, also available here: <http://anarcat.ath.cx/software/media2iki.git/> -- [[anarcat]]
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>>> Not using your new converter, just the installation I did earlier
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>>> today:
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>>> --[[Joey]]
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<pre>
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fetching page 4 metres from http://www.amateur-radio-wiki.net//index.php?action=raw&title=4+metres into 4_metres.mdwn
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Unknown tag TagNode tagname='div' vlist={'style': {u'float': u'left', u'border': u'2px solid #aaa', u'margin-left': u'20px'}}->'div' div
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 298, in <module>
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fetch_allpages(namespace)
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 82, in fetch_allpages
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fetch_page(page.getAttribute('title'))
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 187, in fetch_page
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c.parse(urllib.urlopen(url).read())
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 285, in parse
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self.parse_node(ast)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 76, in parse_node
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f(node)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 88, in on_article
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self.parse_children(node)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 83, in parse_children
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self.parse_node(child)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 76, in parse_node
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f(node)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 413, in on_section
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self.parse_node(child)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 76, in parse_node
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f(node)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 83, in parse_children
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self.parse_node(child)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 76, in parse_node
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f(node)
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File "/home/joey/tmp/mediawikigitdump/mediawiki2markdown.py", line 474, in on_tagnode
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assert not options.STRICT
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AssertionError
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zsh: exit 1 ./mediawikigitdump.py -v -t http://www.amateur-radio-wiki.net/
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</pre>
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<pre>
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joey@wren:~/tmp/mediawikigitdump>./mediawikigitdump.py -v -t http://archiveteam.org
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fetching page list from namespace 0 ()
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found 222 pages
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fetching page /Sites using MediaWiki (English) from http://archiveteam.org/index.php?action=raw&title=%2FSites+using+MediaWiki+%28English%29 into /Sites_using_MediaWiki_(English).mdwn
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 298, in <module>
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fetch_allpages(namespace)
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 82, in fetch_allpages
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fetch_page(page.getAttribute('title'))
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 188, in fetch_page
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f = open(filename, 'w')
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IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: u'/Sites_using_MediaWiki_(English).mdwn'
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zsh: exit 1 ./mediawikigitdump.py -v -t http://archiveteam.org
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</pre>
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> > > > > I have updated my script to call the parser without strict mode and to trim leading slashes (and /../, for that matter...) -- [[anarcat]]
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> > > > > > Getting this error with the new version on any site I try (when using -t only): `TypeError: argument 1 must be string or read-only character buffer, not None`
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> > > > > > bisecting, commit 55941a3bd89d43d09b0c126c9088eee0076b5ea2 broke it.
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> > > > > > --[[Joey]]
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> > > > > > > I can't reproduce here, can you try with -v or -d to try to trace down the problem? -- [[anarcat]]
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<pre>
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fetching page list from namespace 0 ()
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found 473 pages
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fetching page 0 - 9 from http://www.amateur-radio-wiki.net/index.php?action=raw&title=0+-+9 into 0_-_9.mdwn
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 304, in <module>
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main()
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 301, in main
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fetch_allpages(options.namespace)
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 74, in fetch_allpages
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fetch_page(page.getAttribute('title'))
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File "./mediawikigitdump.py", line 180, in fetch_page
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f.write(options.convert(urllib.urlopen(url).read()))
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TypeError: argument 1 must be string or read-only character buffer, not None
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zsh: exit 1 ./mediawikigitdump.py -v -d -t http://www.amateur-radio-wiki.net/
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</pre>
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