{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'1.3.21'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import sqlalchemy\n",
    "sqlalchemy.__version__ "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sqlalchemy import create_engine\n",
    "engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base\n",
    "Base = declarative_base()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String\n",
    "class User(Base):\n",
    "    __tablename__ = 'users'\n",
    "\n",
    "    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)\n",
    "    name = Column(String)\n",
    "    fullname = Column(String)\n",
    "    nickname = Column(String)\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __repr__(self):\n",
    "        return \"<User(name='%s', fullname='%s', nickname='%s')>\" % (\n",
    "            self.name, self.fullname, self.nickname)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Table('users', MetaData(bind=None), Column('id', Integer(), table=<users>, primary_key=True, nullable=False), Column('name', String(), table=<users>), Column('fullname', String(), table=<users>), Column('nickname', String(), table=<users>), schema=None)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "User.__table__ "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,385 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT CAST('test plain returns' AS VARCHAR(60)) AS anon_1\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,386 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,388 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT CAST('test unicode returns' AS VARCHAR(60)) AS anon_1\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,388 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,390 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine PRAGMA main.table_info(\"users\")\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,391 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,392 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine PRAGMA temp.table_info(\"users\")\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,394 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,395 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine \n",
      "CREATE TABLE users (\n",
      "\tid INTEGER NOT NULL, \n",
      "\tname VARCHAR, \n",
      "\tfullname VARCHAR, \n",
      "\tnickname VARCHAR, \n",
      "\tPRIMARY KEY (id)\n",
      ")\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,396 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,400 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine COMMIT\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "Base.metadata.create_all(engine)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ed\n",
      "edsnickname\n",
      "None\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ed_user = User(name='ed', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='edsnickname')\n",
    "print(ed_user.name)\n",
    "print(ed_user.nickname)\n",
    "print(str(ed_user.id))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker\n",
    "Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)\n",
    "session = Session()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Adding and Updating Objects"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ed_user = User(name='ed', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='edsnickname')\n",
    "session.add(ed_user)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,442 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine BEGIN (implicit)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,449 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO users (name, fullname, nickname) VALUES (?, ?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,450 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('ed', 'Ed Jones', 'edsnickname')\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,452 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, users.fullname AS users_fullname, users.nickname AS users_nickname \n",
      "FROM users \n",
      "WHERE users.name = ?\n",
      " LIMIT ? OFFSET ?\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,455 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('ed', 1, 0)\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<User(name='ed', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='edsnickname')>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "our_user = session.query(User).filter_by(name='ed').first() \n",
    "our_user"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ed_user is our_user"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "session.add_all([\n",
    "    User(name='wendy', fullname='Wendy Williams', nickname='windy'),\n",
    "    User(name='mary', fullname='Mary Contrary', nickname='mary'),\n",
    "    User(name='fred', fullname='Fred Flintstone', nickname='freddy')])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ed_user.nickname = 'eddie'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "IdentitySet([<User(name='ed', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='eddie')>])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.dirty"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "IdentitySet([<User(name='wendy', fullname='Wendy Williams', nickname='windy')>, <User(name='mary', fullname='Mary Contrary', nickname='mary')>, <User(name='fred', fullname='Fred Flintstone', nickname='freddy')>])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.new "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,513 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine UPDATE users SET nickname=? WHERE users.id = ?\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,514 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('eddie', 1)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,515 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO users (name, fullname, nickname) VALUES (?, ?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,520 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('wendy', 'Wendy Williams', 'windy')\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,521 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO users (name, fullname, nickname) VALUES (?, ?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,521 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('mary', 'Mary Contrary', 'mary')\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,522 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO users (name, fullname, nickname) VALUES (?, ?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,523 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('fred', 'Fred Flintstone', 'freddy')\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,525 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine COMMIT\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.commit()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,534 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine BEGIN (implicit)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,538 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, users.fullname AS users_fullname, users.nickname AS users_nickname \n",
      "FROM users \n",
      "WHERE users.id = ?\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,539 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine (1,)\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ed_user.id "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Rolling back"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ed_user.name = 'Edwardo'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fake_user = User(name='fakeuser', fullname='Invalid', nickname='12345')\n",
    "session.add(fake_user)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,569 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine UPDATE users SET name=? WHERE users.id = ?\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,571 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('Edwardo', 1)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,573 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine INSERT INTO users (name, fullname, nickname) VALUES (?, ?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,573 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('fakeuser', 'Invalid', '12345')\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,576 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, users.fullname AS users_fullname, users.nickname AS users_nickname \n",
      "FROM users \n",
      "WHERE users.name IN (?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,580 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('Edwardo', 'fakeuser')\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[<User(name='Edwardo', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='eddie')>,\n",
       " <User(name='fakeuser', fullname='Invalid', nickname='12345')>]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.query(User).filter(User.name.in_(['Edwardo', 'fakeuser'])).all()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,591 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ROLLBACK\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,594 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine BEGIN (implicit)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,596 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, users.fullname AS users_fullname, users.nickname AS users_nickname \n",
      "FROM users \n",
      "WHERE users.id = ?\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,597 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine (1,)\n",
      "ed\n",
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.rollback()\n",
    "print(ed_user.name)\n",
    "print(fake_user in session)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,607 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.name AS users_name, users.fullname AS users_fullname, users.nickname AS users_nickname \n",
      "FROM users \n",
      "WHERE users.name IN (?, ?)\n",
      "2020-12-24 16:56:29,611 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ('ed', 'fakeuser')\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[<User(name='ed', fullname='Ed Jones', nickname='eddie')>]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "session.query(User).filter(User.name.in_(['ed', 'fakeuser'])).all()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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